.....~~สรุป facts เกี่ยวกับ US Supreme Court (English version)~~.....

US Supreme Court
1.Key issues
-aka SCOTUS = Supreme Court of the US
-the highest judicial body leading the judicial branch of the US federal govt
-main role = make sure that US constitution is enforced and that no other authorities will overrule the US constitution
-one of the three branches under the principle of the separation of the power ( the legislature, the executive and the judiciary)
-therefore provides ‘checks and balances’
-consists of 9 Justices : the Chief Justice of the United States and 8 Associate Justices. – nominated by the President and confirmed with the advice and consent of the Senate.
-Justices serve for life and can be removed only by resignation or by impeachment and subsequent conviction
-Current Chief Justice = John Roberts
-8 Assoc Justices consist of one female Justice ( Ruth Bader Ginsburg) and one black Justice(Clarence Thomas)
-Sandra Day O’Connor has just recently retired from being Assoc Justice
-name of court term described by the name of the prevailing Chief Justice
eg the Roberts Court ( 2005 – present)
-yearly term starts in 1st Monday of October and finishes during the following June or July
-each term consists of alternating 2 week intervals.
-During 1st interval, the court is in session (sitting) and hears cases
-During 2nd interval, the court is recessed to consider and write opinions on cases it has heard
-Building = One First Street Northeast, Washington DC
2.Constitution
-SCOTUS is the only court established by US constitution in Article III, other courts are established by Congress
-Court’s scope of power can be changed by constitutional amendment
3.Historical background
-First term began in 1789 but had no building of its own
-Size of the Court was initially set at six by Judicial Act of 1789, later extended to 10 in 19th century and set at 9 by the Circuit Judges Act of 1869
-During the Marshall Court(1801-1835) SCOTUS declared to be the supreme arbiter of the constitution and the decision-making body which balances the power between the federal govt and the states
4.Views of Democrats and Republicans
-7 current Justices appointed by Republican Presidents : John Roberts appointed by GW Bush
-2 current Justices( Ginsburg, Breyer) appointed by Clinton (Democrat)
-BUT 4 including the Chief Justice Roberts are conservative
4 liberals
1 (Justice Kennedy) is the most likely to be the swing vote that determines the outcome of certain close cases

Create Date : 27 ตุลาคม 2550		0 comments
Last Update : 20 ตุลาคม 2552 3:21:05 น.
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