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อภิมหึมาภูเขาไฟ 10 อันดับแรกทั่วโลก

รวบรวมข้อมูลของ Super Volcano อันใหญ่ที่สุด 10 อันดับแรกมาฝากครับ
พวกนี้เป็นภูเขาไฟขนาดใหญ่มากๆ ปากปล่องประมาณอำเภอนึงๆ เมืองนึงๆ หรือจังหวัดใหญ่ทีเดียว
อย่าทำเป็นเล่นไป

1.
Mount Mazama/Crater Lake, Oregon
-Over 6,000 crater_lake_aerial.jpg (46659 bytes)years
ago Mount Mazama (posthumously named) erupted. Before the explosion the mountain
was 12,000 feet high; when it was over it had been replaced by a 1,900-foot deep
crater. Crater Lake, famed for its intense blue waters, was made a National Park
in 1902. Volcanic activity occurred some time after the Mount Mazama explosion,
creating Wizard Island in the middle of the lake. See Crater
Lake National Park Homepage
for more information. Picture:
David Muench/Corbis |



2.
Mount Etna, Sicily
-Although Mount Etna (or Aetna) is Etna_1669fresco.jpg (133766 bytes)the
highest active volcano in Europe, its renown comes from its role in Greek
legends and in ancient works by writers such as Hesiod, Pindar and Aeschylus.
According to Greco-Roman mythology, the giants -- the enemies of the gods --
were buried beneath Mount Etna. In their efforts to break free, the Giants
caused frequent earthquakes around the mountain. The most recent eruption, in
the Bove Valley section of Etna
Volcano Park
, occurred in December 1991. (c)
1998 Parco dell'Etna




3. Mount Vesuvius, Italy-Vesuvius' eruption in
79 A.DVesuvius 1944.jpg (27870 bytes). covered the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum, preserving them for
generations to come. But this eruption also holds a place in history because of
its documentation. Pliny the Younger left a detailed description of the event in
two letters to Tacitus. A type of eruption -- the Plinian type -- is named for
Pliny the Elder who died in the catastrophe. The volcano is still active and has
had several eruptions -- the most deadly being in 1631. Check out this Mount
Vesuvius
page. Picture: UPI/Corbis-Bettmann
|



4. Mount Tambora, Indonesia-The
largest eruption tambora1.jpg (8945 bytes) during the last two
centuries, as well as the deadliest volcano
in recorded history, Mount Tambora exploded April 10-11, 1815. It killed an
estimated 92,000 people. Almost 80,000 of the victims died of starvation brought
on by the agricultural devastation in the volcano's wake. The eruption and the
resulting massive clouds of dust and ash affected most of the Northern
Hemisphere, causing unusually cool temperatures and failed crops in 1816 --
sometimes referred to as "the year without a summer." See Mount
Tambora
. Picture:
NASA |




5. Mount Krakatau, Indonesia-On August 27, 1883, krakatoa.jpg (38344 bytes) Mount Krakatau
exploded with such force that it was heard in
Australia, over 2,000 miles away. The force of the eruption triggered a series
of tsunamis that reached the Hawaiian islands and the coast of South America,
killing more than 36,000 people. The five cubic miles of ejecta covered the
surrounding areas in darkness for over two days and caused a series of dramatic
sunsets around the world throughout the following year. The explosion and
subsequent collapse of the volcano left only a remnant of the island above sea
level. By 1928, another small island had emerged from a rising volcanic cone.
Visit Krakatau,
Indonesia.
Picture:
Corbis-Bettmann |



6. Mount Pelee, Martinique-The
eruption on May 8, pelee2.jpg (40366 bytes) 1902, killed 29,000,

destroying the port town of Saint-Pierre
four miles away. Almost all the deaths were caused by the resulting pyroclastic
flow -- a deadly, fast-moving cloud of hot gas and dense liquidized volcanic
particles.Only two residents of the town survived the flow. Volcanology (also
called Volcanism) was at best a primitive science in 1902, and the existence of
pyroclastic flows was unknown. After this disaster a "new" type of
eruption was named after Mount Pelee - the Pelean-type eruption. See Mount
Pelee
eruption. Photograph of the
remains of St. Pierre by Heilprin, 1902.



7. Pari'cutin, Mexico-In
February 1943, a pile of ash Paricutin.jpg (12860 bytes) began to rise from a
corn field near the town of
Pari'cutin, Mexico. A mountain began to emerge from the earth, reaching a height
of 1,200 feet in one year. Although the ensuing nine-year eruption resulted in
the destruction of the town of Pari'cutin, it presented the modern world with a
remarkable opportunity to see the birth of a volcano. Only three people died,
all by lightning associated with the eruption. Visit Pari'cutin.
Picture: Daniel Laine/Corbis |




8. Mount St.
Helens, Washington
-One of the more St. Helens.jpg (32139 bytes) highly publicized and
studied
volcanic explosions, Mount St. Helens erupted on May 18, 1980. The volcano,
which had been dormant since 1857, began erupting steam after a series of
earthquakes in March 1980. The 1978 prediction of the U.S. Geological Survey
that violent and intermittent volcanic activity would begin, "within the
next 100 years, and perhaps even before the end of this century," had come
true. Luckily, close study of St. Helens prevented a major loss of life. Even
so, 60 deaths resulted from the May 18 eruption. Learn more about Mount
St. Helens.
Picture: Cascades Volcano
Observatory/USGS/Photodisc |



9. Nevada del Ruiz, Colombia-Although
the eruption of nevada del Ruiz.jpg (22767 bytes) Nevado del Ruiz (or
Mount
Ruiz) on November 13, 1985, was relatively small, the ensuing mudslides caused
by melting ice and snow resulted in the the death of 23,000 people and the
destruction of the town of Armero. Most of the residents would have survived had
they moved to higher ground. This eruption brought attention to the fact that
growing numbers of people live within the danger zones of the world's volcanoes.
A larger eruption of Ruiz in 1845 killed about 700 people. Visit Nevada
del Ruiz.
Picture: Reuters/Fabio
Serrano/Archive Photos |


10. Mount Pinatubo, Philippines-Killing almost 800 and pinatubo_1991.jpg (41250 bytes) leaving an
estimated 100,000
homeless, Mount Pinatubo's eruption in June 1991 was 10 times larger than the
Mount St. Helens' eruption and one of the biggest of the 20th century. It
emitted a cloud of smoke and ash over 19 miles high. The evacuation of more than
70,000 people and the volcanic event were broadcast worldwide, making Pinatubo (in)famous
throughout the world. Learn more about Mount
Pinatubo.
Picture: US Geological
Survey




Create Date : 28 ตุลาคม 2550
Last Update : 3 พฤศจิกายน 2550 3:48:39 น. 1 comments
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โดย: granun วันที่: 3 พฤศจิกายน 2550 เวลา:3:42:47 น.  

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